The Effects of Internal Audit, Audit Committee and Firm Characteristics on Audit Fees in a Multi-Country and Industry Setting

This paper examines the association between audit fees and attributes of internal (IA), committee (AC), as measured by independence financial expertise, well characteristics firm. The determinants have been extensively investigated in prior literature, but results are conflicting. We develop a comprehensive model from multi-country multi-industry perspective. A total 3,136 companies covering period 10 years (2011-2020) with 15,247 observations 55 countries were included this study. found that most critical variables significant positive effect on client size, leverage (risk), profitability, complexity, losses, AC independence, expertise auditor size. study also shows pricing is significantly negatively related to foreign operations, tenure, independence. highlight affect across range countries/industries.